Fluorinated Phoshonates as Reagents for the Introduction of Fluorinated Functional Groups
Keywords:
phosphonate, fluorine, nucleophilic addition, fluoralkylation, elimination, rearrangement, conjugate addition, dissociation constant, C-H acidsAbstract
This review introduces α-fluorophosphonates as useful synthons and fluoroalkyl transfer reagents. The remarkable biological activity of the phosphonates is also mentioned. The main emphasis is put on synthetic applications of the following fluorinated phosphonates: diethyl (difluoromethyl)phosphonate (1), diethyl (trifluoromethyl)phosphonate (2), tetraethyl (fluoromethylene)bisphosphonate (3), diethyl [(fluoromethyl) (phenylsulfonyl)methyl]phosphonate (McCathy's reagent) (4), and diethyl (fluoronitromethyl)phosphonate (5). The review is focused on the chemistry of the synthons.